Drinking Water

OVERVIEW 

Detection and enumeration of pathogens in water are not appropriate under most circumstances in view of the difficulties and resources required; so, E-coli and faecal streptococci are used as indicators of faecal contamination. The assumption is that if the indicators are detected, pathogens, including viruses, could also be present and therefore appropriate action is required. However, the time taken to carry out the analysis means that if contamination is detected, the contaminated water will be well on the way to the consumer and probably drunk by the time the result has been obtained 
The most basic test for bacterial contamination of a water supply is the test for E.coli, Total coliform bacteria. These counts give a general indication of the sanitary condition of a water supply. 

INTRODUCTION 

Pure water is an essential requirement for the survival of human beings. To meet the requirements of potable, industrial and agricultural water, the immediate need is to treat wastewater, particularly the sewage sludge and slimes from the municipal and industrial effluents respectively. These effluents are highly undesirable and unsafe. Disinfection of these types of water is a must before they can be used or reused. 

THE SOLUTION 

Water Purifier is an environmentally friendly safe disinfectant ensuring clean drinking water from highly contaminated water without the formation of any Disinfectant By-Products (DBP’s) such as THM’s, HAA’s, MX-Factor, DCA’s  which is highly cariogenic as specified by the EPA and major research institutions worldwide.  
The product provides powerful and effective non-chlorine oxidation for a wide variety of industrial and consumer uses while treatment process meets the requirements of Safety and Environment Protection. It is stable under normal conditions and active to react with other chemicals as it can be the oxidizer, bleacher, catalyst, disinfector, and etchant etc. 

Acting as a potent sanitizer against a range of gram+/ gram negative bacteria it destroys spores, bacteria, viruses, fungi, most common pathogen organisms & phenols and combating diarrhea diseases such as cholera, typhoid fever, E. coli etc. 

In addition to various other applications, it exhibits excellent disinfectant characteristics for wastewater treatment plants at Municipalities as a substitute for chlorine disinfection ensuring not only clean drinking water but also tasteless and odorless water for consumer use. 
Its excellent residual value ensures clean drinking water for prolonged periods of time with the primary decomposed products to be oxygen and water. 
All claims have been substantiated by the most reputable research institutions globally including WHO, WRC SA, BSRC Japan, FDA Ghana etc.  

BATHING WATER QUALITY NEGATIVELY IMPACTED BY SEWAGE DISCHARGES. Outcome after using Water Purifier: Very low levels of bacteria detected after treatment. Bathing water re-classified as “excellent” Environmental impact assessed as low risk  

Odour control, cyanide removal, arsenic remediation Odour control: Purifier is effective against a broad & complex mix of odours Suitable for a variety of odours in different industries, e.g., Rendering plants, Chemical industry, Sewage treatment. Modes of action: - Oxidation of reduced sulphur species − E.g., H2S, organic sulphides, thiols (mercaptans), sulphites. Oxidation of amines − E.g., tertiary amines. Protonation of amines − E.g., primary, and secondary amines.  
 
Cyanide remediation: Purifier rapidly oxidizes cyanide species in industrial waste streams. Effective against different cyanide species: No chlorinated by products nor toxic gas production (CNCl = tear gas) Low CAPEX, simple, fast Relevant industries:  Electroplating / metal finishing, precious metal mining Polymer synthesis, Coatings & foams, Pesticides, Steel & iron production etc., Arsenic remediation: Elimination of toxic As(III) from contaminated soil & groundwater. Rapid oxidation of As(III) to As(V) Advantages of Purifier treatment – Fast, Simple, Selective & Complete elimination of As(III)  

A NEW AREA OF ADVANCED OXIDATION PROCESSES (AOP) Reduces COD / TOC ( COD = Chemical Oxygen Demand; TOC = Total Organic Carbon) – Pharmaceuticals, Home & personal care, Food processing, Wood processing, Distilleries, Paper mills, Textiles / dyes

 

NB - STANDARD WASTEWATER TREATMENT PROCESSES DO NOT REMOVE PERSISTENT ORGANIC COMPOUNDS WHY PHARMACEUTICAL DEGRADATION IS IMPORTANT Drug-resistant bacteria Infections that were curable with antibiotics could become incurable Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) linked to pollution from antibiotics Most antibiotics enter the environment after use 10 million people per year could die from AMR by 2050 Treating pharmaceutical waste before discharge could help reduce AMR

 
Water Purifier IS CAPABLE OF DEGRADING LARGE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS Amoxicillin - Penicillin antibiotic. Widely used in humans & agriculture. Cephalexin - Top 10 prescribed antibiotic in US. Levofloxacin - Widely prescribed fluoroquinolone antibiotic. Particularly environmentally persistent.   Degree of degradation after Rubicon-Eco treatment = 100%

 
WHAT IS WATER PURIFIER CONTRIBUTION TO SUSTAINABLE WATER TREATMENT? Disinfection of disease-causing microorganisms Oxidation of odours and toxic inorganic compounds Advanced oxidation of persistent organic pollutants Coloured wastewater can also be effectively treated Water Purifier rapidly reacts with dye chromophores to remove colour Dyes in textile wastewater are problematic Intensely coloured, Aesthetic impact on surface water, many are hard to degrade & toxic,  Impair photosynthesis, inhibit plant growth, Enter the food chain. Purifier + iron sulphate completely decolourises a range of dyes in minutes.  

PROPERTIES  
Odourless 
Fast dissolving with rapid disinfection traits  
A powerful oxidizer and sanitizer – successfully also remove Fluoride. 
Oxygen based (containing no chlorine) 
Un-effected by UV degration 
No fatal THM’s, HAA’s, MX, DCA’s will be produced 
Environmentally friendly 
Safe, harmless, tasteless, and non-toxic